feat: integrate new desktop shell and extend backend & ADRs

- Added `meldestelle-desktop` module using JVM/Compose Desktop, registered in `settings.gradle.kts`.
- Integrated new screens and desktop navigation into core: `Veranstaltungen`, `TurnierDetail`, etc.
- Expanded backend with `ExposedFunktionaerRepository` in `officials-infrastructure`.
- Completed ADRs for bounded context mapping (`ADR-0014`) and context map (`ADR-0015`).
- Updated and extended project documentation with session logs and architecture decisions.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Mogeritsch <stefan.mo.co@gmail.com>

docs/01_Architecture/adr/README.md

@@ -14,5 +14,8 @@ Namensschema: ADR-XXX-title.md mit fortlaufender Nummerierung.
 - ADR-003 Optimistic Locking (409) als Konfliktstrategie
 - ADR-004 Freshness UI (Ampel)
 - ADR-005 Core Domain & Feature Isolation
+- ADR-0014 Bounded Context Mapping & Aggregate Roots
+- ADR-0015 Context Map & Integration Patterns
+- ADR-0016 API-Design & Anti-Corruption Layer (ACL)
 
 Siehe Template: ADR-000-template.md.