Introduce Ktor-based HTTP server for Masterdata context, implement upsert logic for Altersklasse, Bundesland, and Land repositories, enhance IdempotencyPlugin, and add integration tests.

backend/services/masterdata/masterdata-service/src/test/kotlin/at/mocode/masterdata/service/api/IdempotencyApiIntegrationTest.kt

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+package at.mocode.masterdata.service.api
+
+import at.mocode.masterdata.service.MasterdataServiceApplication
+import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterAll
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestInstance
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
+import org.springframework.test.context.ActiveProfiles
+import java.net.URI
+import java.net.http.HttpClient
+import java.net.http.HttpRequest
+import java.net.http.HttpResponse
+import java.time.Duration
+
+@SpringBootTest(
+  classes = [MasterdataServiceApplication::class],
+  properties = [
+    "spring.main.web-application-type=none",
+    "masterdata.http.port=18091" // fixed port for tests to simplify port discovery
+  ]
+)
+@ActiveProfiles("test")
+@TestInstance(TestInstance.Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)
+class IdempotencyApiIntegrationTest {
+
+  private lateinit var baseUri: String
+
+  @BeforeAll
+  fun setUp() {
+    baseUri = "http://localhost:18091"
+  }
+
+  @AfterAll
+  fun tearDown() {
+    // Server lifecycle managed by Spring; no explicit stop here.
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun `second POST with same Idempotency-Key returns identical response and does not create duplicate`() {
+    val client = HttpClient.newBuilder().connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(2)).build()
+
+    val payload = """
+      {
+        "isoAlpha2Code": "ZZ",
+        "isoAlpha3Code": "ZZY",
+        "nameDeutsch": "Testland Idempotency"
+      }
+    """.trimIndent()
+
+    val key = "itest-key-001"
+
+    val req1 = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+      .uri(URI.create("$baseUri/countries"))
+      .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
+      .header("Idempotency-Key", key)
+      .POST(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(payload))
+      .build()
+
+    val res1 = sendWithRetry(client, req1)
+
+    val req2 = HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+      .uri(URI.create("$baseUri/countries"))
+      .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
+      .header("Idempotency-Key", key)
+      .POST(HttpRequest.BodyPublishers.ofString(payload))
+      .build()
+
+    val res2 = sendWithRetry(client, req2)
+
+    // Beide Antworten müssen identisch sein (Status + Body)
+    assertThat(res1.statusCode()).isIn(200, 201) // Created or OK
+    assertThat(res2.statusCode()).isEqualTo(res1.statusCode())
+    assertThat(res2.headers().firstValue("Content-Type").orElse("application/json")).contains("application/json")
+    assertThat(res2.body()).isEqualTo(res1.body())
+
+    // Verifizieren, dass kein Duplikat erzeugt wurde:
+    // GET /countries?search=Testland%20Idempotency&unpaged=true sollte genau 1 Element enthalten
+    val resList = sendWithRetry(
+      client,
+      HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+        .uri(URI.create("$baseUri/countries?search=Testland%20Idempotency&unpaged=true"))
+        .GET()
+        .build()
+    )
+
+    assertThat(resList.statusCode()).isEqualTo(200)
+    // sehr leichte Prüfung auf genau ein Ergebnis: zähle Vorkommen der isoAlpha3Code in JSON
+    val occurrences = Regex("\"isoAlpha3Code\"\\s*:\\s*\"ZZY\"").findAll(resList.body()).count()
+    assertThat(occurrences).isEqualTo(1)
+  }
+
+  private fun sendWithRetry(client: HttpClient, request: HttpRequest, attempts: Int = 10, delayMillis: Long = 100): HttpResponse<String> {
+    var lastEx: Exception? = null
+    repeat(attempts) { idx ->
+      try {
+        return client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString())
+      } catch (e: Exception) {
+        lastEx = e
+        if (idx == attempts - 1) throw e
+        Thread.sleep(delayMillis)
+      }
+    }
+    throw lastEx ?: IllegalStateException("unreachable")
+  }
+}